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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    A method and system for communicating between a first equipment (10) and a second equipment (20) connected to the first equipment via a single-conductor transmission line (32), in which data (DATAI, DATA2) of the first equipment ( 10) to the second equipment (20) by modulating the pulse width of a transmission signal transmitted on the transmission line, and transmitting data from the second equipment (20) to the first equipment (10). ) by amplitude modulation of said transmission signal.
    公开号:FR3028695A1
    申请号:FR1461184
    申请日:2014-11-19
    公开日:2016-05-20
    发明作者:Roger Pellenc；Bernard Lopez
    申请人:Pellenc SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system and a method of bidirectional and simultaneous communication by signal exchange between two wired link devices. The invention finds applications in particular for tools, and in particular portable self-powered tools with an electric motor provided with a remote power source. In this case the tool is one of the equipment and the power unit the second equipment. The invention can be implemented for portable power tools in various fields of application and in particular the fields of building, maintenance of green spaces, viticulture, arboriculture and horticulture. The invention is particularly useful for professional tools provided with power supplies of high power and high autonomy. A very particular application of the invention relates to hand-held electric shears and remote power, for pruning or harvesting. The invention finally finds an application for versatile power supply units that can be connected to different power tools. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART Standard two-way and simultaneous communication systems are known using electrical connection cables such as the telephone network, and systems used in computer science or industry such as RS 232, USB or CAN. The simultaneous communication of these different systems is transmitted via at least two wires of the electrical connecting cable. Although the invention can generally be applied to any bidirectional and simultaneous communication system, the state of the art is described with reference to its main application in the field of electrical tooling, where the communication needs between The power tool and its source of power are in full growth, and in particular in power tools having a remote power source. By remote power source is meant a power source which is located neither in the body of the tool nor in a housing directly connected to the tool. The remote power source is connected to the tool by means of an electric cable. Typically the tools with remote power supply have a power supply unit that can be worn on the belt or back. The length of the cable may be variable but is sufficient to connect the power unit to a hand-held tool.
    [0002] Document FR2862558 and FR2033742 can be used to design stand-alone portable tools provided with a remote power source. A multi-wire electrical cable connects the power supply unit and the tool. The cable includes electrical wires for powering an electric motor of the tool. This is for example three son for the electric supply of a three-phase electric motor. The cable may also include electrical wires for powering an electronic card or electronic components of the tool. Finally, the cable may include one or more wires for the exchange of information between the tool and the power supply unit. The tools, as well as the power supply units, may be provided with electronic cards for managing the functions of the tool, for the management of a user's commands, for the management of the use of energy , for mutual identification of connected equipment, etc. For good coordination of the operation of the tool and the battery, these electronic cards have communication interfaces for exchanging information with each other, generally in the form of digital data. The evolution of the tooling, and its improvement, is accompanied by a tendency to increase the volume of data exchanged. A limiting factor for data exchange is related to the number of wires or conductors available in the cable. However, the cable preferably comprises a small number of wires, so as to maintain good flexibility and high reliability. Thus, the number of wires that can be allocated to a signal exchange is reduced. This may be a single wire. This single wire, however, allows only sequential and non-simultaneous communication 5 in the state of the art. A second difficulty exists in the need, at least for some tools, to simultaneously transmit information from the tool to the power unit and the power unit to the tool. This may be particularly important for security data to be transmitted in priority. Finally, a difficulty is related to the electromagnetic disturbance of the transmitted signals. Such a disturbance is a problem that can be encountered irrespective of the field of application of the invention. However, this is a critical problem in the field of power tools due to the inherent disruption of motor phase switching and more generally to its operation. Several types of links can be envisaged for the communication of information on a single thread. The analog link is the oldest known to transmit information in a simple way. It can be particularly robust and not very sensitive to electromagnetic disturbances but only in the case of low bandwidth, the disturbances can then be easily filtered without significant alteration of the information transmitted. However, the analog link is unsuited on the one hand for the transmission of information with high bandwidth and the presence of electromagnetic disturbances, but also on the simultaneous transmission of information from the tool to the power unit and vice versa. . A serial digital link, for example of UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) type, is commonly used for example in the field of personal computers to transmit information bit by bit on a line of the serial port of the computer. It has the advantage over analogue communication of being able to transmit several independent pieces of information but it does not, however, allow simultaneous two-way communication on a single thread. Another type of serial link known as PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) or MLI (Pulse Width Modulation) is designed to generate a logic signal, at a fixed frequency, but whose duty cycle is controlled numerically according to FIG. analog value that we want to transmit. It combines the simplicity of the analog link, while having a good robustness compared to electromagnetic disturbances in case of high bandwidth. However, it does not allow the precision of a UART-type digital serial link because of its very principle of operation. In a similar way to the UART or analog type link, the PWM link does not allow simultaneous bidirectional communication on a single conducting wire. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to provide a bidirectional communication system and method that does not exhibit the limitations of the systems discussed above. In particular, the invention aims to provide a communication link with good immunity to electromagnetic interference, capable of transmitting large volumes of data, and capable of simultaneously transmitting data between two devices. Finally, the invention aims to provide such a system adapted to the communication between a portable power tool and a remote power unit associated with the tool. In particular, one goal is to provide a system suitable for communication on a single-conductor data transmission line. To achieve these and other purposes that appear in the description, the invention provides a bidirectional communication system between a first equipment and a second equipment connected to the first equipment by a single conductor transmission line. The system includes means for transmitting data from the first equipment to the second equipment by modulating the pulse width of a transmission signal transmitted on the transmission line. The system also includes means for transmitting data from the second equipment to the first equipment by amplitude modulation of said transmission signal. s Thanks to the invention, bidirectional communication can be simultaneous. The transmission signal is pulse width modulated for data transmission from the first equipment to the second equipment. However, it is, at the same time, amplitude modulated, for the transmission of data from the second equipment to the first equipment.
    [0003] The communication of the communication system of the invention is similar to a PWM type connection for the transfer of data from the first equipment to the second equipment. It is similar to a UART type link for data transfer from the second device to the first device.
    [0004] The transmission of data from the first equipment to the second equipment is not dependent on the existence of data transmitted from the second equipment to the first equipment. Indeed, and in the absence of data transmitted from the second equipment to the first equipment, the transmission signal is simply not amplitude modulated.
    [0005] Similarly, and although the second equipment uses the transmission signal to modulate the amplitude, the data transmission from the second equipment to the first equipment is not dependent on the transmission of data from the first equipment to the second equipment. Indeed, the first equipment can be configured to produce an unmodulated transmission signal in the absence of data to be transmitted. This is, for example, a fixed signal whose width successive high and low states is constant. This signal is then used for the amplitude modulation and for the synchronization of the communication of the second equipment to the first equipment.
    [0006] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the data transmission means of the first equipment to the second equipment comprise a first modulator capable of generating the transmission signal, modulated in pulse width, as a function of at least one first digital data item, the first modulator being located in the first device. The transmission means also comprise a first demodulator able to extract said digital data from the transmission signal, the demodulator being located in the second equipment. Advantageously, the first modulator may be designed to simultaneously code two pieces of information on the transmission signal. For example, the first modulator may be adapted to encode the first digital data on a high state of the transmission signal pulse, and to encode a second digital data on the low state of the transmission signal pulses. In this case, the duration of the high state and the duration of the low state may correspond to the first and second data. According to another possibility, the first modulator may be designed to encode a first digital data item on one of a high state and a low state of the transmission signal, and to code the second digital data item over a period, respectively on a frequency of modulation of the transmission signal. In other words, the duration of the period, or the value of the modulation frequency, can be correlated to data values to be transmitted. By way of example, a first value of the modulation period, or frequency, may correspond to a data item reflecting a first state, and a second value of the modulation period, or frequency, may correspond to a data reflecting a second state. It should be noted that the coding of data over the modulation period amounts to coding of the data on the modulation frequency of the transmission signal. At several different modulation frequencies can correspond either several different data to be transmitted, or several values of the same data.
    [0007] The period of modulation of the transmission signal is understood to mean the duration of an alternation formed by a high state and a consecutive low state of the signal. The modulation frequency is the inverse of the modulation period. Moreover, the terms "first data" and "second data" 5 are intended to distinguish different data exchanged but do not mean that the data is unique. It is understood that modulators transmit a lot of data. The first and second data can thus be understood as streams of data. The data transmission means of the second equipment to the first equipment may comprise a second modulator capable of modifying the amplitude of the transmission signal as a function of a third digital data item. The second modulator is located in the second equipment. In this case, a second demodulator is provided to extract the third digital data from the transmission signal, the second demodulator being located in the first equipment. Like the terms "first data" and "second data", the term "third data" does not necessarily mean a single data item but rather a data stream. In a particular embodiment of the second modulator, it may comprise a load resistor in series with a control switch, for example a transistor, synchronized with the signals of the first and second data, and driven according to the third digital data. . The load resistor is connected to the transmission line to change the load. Depending on whether the switch is closed or open, the load resistor is connected to a reference voltage, for example a ground voltage. When connected to the reference voltage, i.e. when the switch is closed, the load resistor is in series with a resistance of the transmission line. It forms, with this series resistance, a divider bridge which attenuates the transmission signal. When the switch is open, the load resistor 30 is floating and does not attenuate the transmission signal.
    [0008] Preferably, the frequency of the transmission signal from the first equipment to the second equipment, which may be variable, is greater than or equal to a modulation frequency of its amplitude. On the other hand, the amplitude modulation of the transmission signal can be synchronized to the transmission signal. In particular, it can be synchronized on rising or falling edges of the transmission signal. In order to increase the immunity of the communication system to electromagnetic disturbances, it may comprise a low-pass filter connected to the transmission line. The cut-off frequency of the filter is preferably adjusted to be greater than the frequency of the transmission signal, and lower than a target frequency for electromagnetic disturbances to be eliminated. In a particular application of the invention, in the field of tooling, the first equipment may be one of an electric motor tool 15 and a remote power unit associated with the tool. In this case, the second equipment is the other one of the power tool and the remote power unit associated with the tool. Controls ranging from the tool to the feed unit are generally priority and quick commands as they relate to the operation of the tool or safety functions. Conversely, the commands from the feed unit to the tool are usually of lower priority or slower. It is thus preferable to reserve the amplitude width modulation communication for the data transfer from the tool to the power unit and to reserve the amplitude modulation communication for the data transfer of the feed unit to the tool. In a particular application of the invention, the first equipment may preferably be a portable power tool selected from a pruner, a shear, a chainsaw, a hedge trimmer, a blower and a brush cutter. The second equipment is then a remote power supply unit connected to the tool by a multi-conductor cable. The cable comprises in particular a single conductor forming the transmission line. The power unit can be specific to a given tool or can be adapted to different tools. In a particular configuration, the tool may have a first control interface connected to the first modulator, for transmitting control data from the tool to the power unit. The first interface comprises for example a trigger or a joystick. The power supply unit may comprise an electronic card for controlling, for example, a motor supply current according to the control data, other parameters such as temperature, or information to the user via a display or buzzer such as the operating configuration of the tool. The electronic card is for this purpose connected to the first demodulator to receive the control data of the tool. In the particular case where the tool is an electric pruner, the electronic board is also connected to the motor by the multi-conductor cable to provide the motor with a corresponding supply current. In such a configuration, the cable includes, for example, the signal transmission line, two wires for powering the first control interface, and wires for powering the motor. In the case of a three-phase motor, there are three power supply wires.
    [0009] Just like the tool, the power unit can be provided with a control interface. The tool and the power unit can also be provided with a signaling interface. The signaling interface may include a light or a sound indicator. Thus, the communication system can also be used to transmit signaling data or status data for the signaling interfaces. The communication system can transmit, for example, data reflecting a state of charge of the power unit, a temperature of the power unit or tool, a state of wear or maintenance information. of the tool, a mode of operation of the tool, a locking situation of a cutting member, or a set point for securing the tool.
    [0010] Typically in an application of the invention for communication between a pruner and a pruner feed unit, the first interface, for example a trigger, may be configured for inputting at least one of a command of amplitude of movement of a movable blade and a direction of movement of the blade. The second interface of the power unit can be configured for inputting at least one of a pruner power-up command and a mode change command. The change of mode of operation may relate in particular to the movement of the blade. It may be in particular a proportional movement or a sudden closing movement of the blade. The operating mode can also determine the choice of a maximum opening setpoint of the blades, that is to say a maximum pivoting amplitude of a movable blade relative to a fixed blade.
    [0011] The invention also relates to a method of communication between a first equipment and a second equipment connected to the first equipment by a single conductor transmission line. According to the method, data is transmitted from the first equipment to the second equipment by pulse width modulation of a transmission signal transmitted on the transmission line.
    [0012] Data from the second equipment to the first equipment is also transmitted by amplitude modulation of said transmission signal. The transmission of data from the second equipment to the first equipment is possible simultaneously with the transmission of data from the first equipment to the second equipment.
    [0013] In a particular implementation of the method it is also possible to transmit data from the first equipment to the second equipment by modulating the frequency of the transmission signal. Modulating the frequency of the transmission signal amounts to modulating the period of the signal, the period being formed by a high state and a low state of the pulses.
    [0014] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the figures of the drawings. This description is given for purely illustrative and non-limiting purposes.
    [0015] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a bidirectional communication system between two devices according to the invention. FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of an example of a transmission signal produced by a modulator of the communication system of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of a digital signal corresponding to a third data item to be transmitted. FIG. 4 shows an example of amplitude modulation of the transmission signal of FIG. 2 as a function of the signal of FIG. 3.
    [0016] FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a variant of the communication system of FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a signal produced by a modulator of the communication system of FIG. 5. FIG. graphical representation of a digital signal corresponding to a data item to be transmitted and used to modulate the signal of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a communication system according to the invention and applied to an electric pruner to remote power supply.
    [0017] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION In the following description, identical or similar parts of the different figures are marked with the same reference signs. The communication system of FIG. 1 comprises a first equipment 10 and a second equipment 20 connected by a multi-conductor cable. The cable comprises a conductive wire 32 which constitutes a signal transmission line. The cable may also comprise electrical supply wires 34, 35 for electronic boards of the first and second equipment 10, 20. These supply wires are not shown in detail in FIG. 1. References 34 and 35 simply indicate terminals at a DC supply voltage Vcc, for example 5 volts, and a reference voltage (ground), for example 0 volts. Each equipment includes a modulator and a demodulator. The first equipment 10 comprises a first modulator 12 whose output is connected to the signal transmission line 32. In the example of FIG. 1, the first modulator is connected to the transmission line via a The transmission line 32 is also connected to a first demodulator 22 of the second equipment 20. The first modulator 12 has two data inputs to be transmitted. A first input 14 receives a first data item to be transmitted. In the example shown, the first data item is a digital data item DATA 1 corresponding to a speed reference of the motor. The value of the set point is, for example, between I and 700. The modulator converts this data into a transmission signal corresponding to the representation of FIG. 2. FIG. 2 indicates the amplitude of the signal as a function of time on the ordinate . The time is indicated on the abscissa. FIG. 2 shows that the signal has an alternation with a first high state T1 whose width, that is to say the duration corresponds to the speed reference. More precisely, the width of the high state T1, and therefore its duration, corresponds to the product 30 of the speed reference by a unit duration given by a timing clock 18. The pulses of the clock are indicated in FIG. In the upper part of Figure 2. Because of a strong disparity between the clocking frequency and that of the modulation of the signal, the pulses of the clock clock are indicated in free time scale.
    [0018] For example, for a clock clocked at a frequency of 1MHz and a PWM frequency of 1kHz, a digital value DATA 1 of 250 can be converted to a high state T1 whose duration is equal to 250 microseconds. The high state is followed by a low state T2 which will then have a duration of 750 microseconds. If the pulse width modulation frequency is 1.1 kHz, the duration of high state T1, which corresponds to data DATA 1, is always 250 microseconds. On the other hand, the duration of the low state T2 is in this case reduced to 659 microseconds. Indeed, because of a higher frequency, the period formed by the succession of a high state and a low state is shorter. It is indeed 1000 microseconds in the case of a PWM frequency of 1 kHz and 15 909 microseconds in the case of a PWM frequency of 1.1 kHz. Returning to FIG. 1, it can be observed that the first modulator 12 has a second input 16 to which a second data item DATA 2 is applied. In the illustrated example, this is a binary digital data item that can not take Only two values 0 or 1. The data DATA2 reflects, for example, a direction of rotation of a motor. In a particular application of the invention to an electric pruner, this control may correspond, for example, to an opening or closing movement of a movable blade relative to a fixed blade. The input 16 and hence the setpoint DATA 2 is applied to an electronic switch 17 capable of connecting to the modulator an oscillator 42 delivering an oscillation frequency F1, for example 1KHz, or an oscillator 44, delivering a frequency of oscillation F2, for example 1.1 kHz. It should be noted that the oscillators 42 and 44 can be replaced by a single oscillator whose oscillation setpoint is varied from the signal DATA 2. The first modulator 12 uses the setpoint of one of the oscillators 42 and 44 , depending on the value DATA2, to change the frequency, or the period, of the transmission signal.
    [0019] As shown in FIG. 2, the period of the first alternation comprising the high state T1 and the low state T2 is 1 / F1. This means that the first alternation of the signal produced by the modulator is at the frequency F1. A second alternation comprises a high state T3, of different width from the high state T1, and a low state T4. It presents in this example a frequency F2 and a period 1 / F2. Thus, thanks to the first modulator, two pieces of information can be transmitted concomitantly from the first piece of equipment 10 to the second piece of equipment 20. One of the pieces of information is coded on the width or the duration of the high states and the second piece of information is coded on the frequency of the signal.
    [0020] In the case of FIG. 2, a first speed reference (11) is transmitted for example for opening the blade (F1) and a second speed instruction (T3) is transmitted for closing the blade (F2). . It can be noted that several successive high states can be transmitted at the same frequency, for example the frequency Fi. Indeed, the frequency F1 is maintained as long as the signal DATA2 is at one of its possible values, for example the value 1. It passes to F2 for its second value, 0 in this case. It may further be noted that it is possible to encode the first information, or the DATAI data, not on the width of the high states of the signal but on the width or duration of the low states. Finally, it should be noted that the switch 17 may be designed to select a frequency from a larger frequency range (greater than 2). This makes it possible to encode, in addition to the direction of movement of the blade, other information, such as motor current limiting instructions, safety instructions, etc. A wider range of frequencies also makes it possible to encode more complex DATA2 data than simply binary data. It is possible, for example, to encode the data DATA 2 on one byte. According to another possibility, it is still possible to transmit a plurality of distinct data, each having a high value and a low value, respectively. This is, for example, data of operating status or of stopping, or data of switching on or off a light indicator. Returning to FIG. 1, it may be noted that the transmission signal is received at an input 21 of the first demodulator 22. The first demodulator 22 is connected to a clocking clock 28 of the second equipment 20. The clock 28 of the second equipment is not necessarily synchronized with the clock 18 of the first equipment 10, but preferably has the same clocking frequency. The frequency of the second clock 28 is, for example, 1 MHz. The demodulator 22 may be adapted to determine the width of the high state, or its duration, by counting the number of pulses of the second clock 28 during the high state of the signal applied to its input 21. The beginning and the end counting of the clock pulses are given, for example by the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse.
    [0021] The high state T1 has a duration which corresponds to the product of the value DATA 1 by a number of pulses of the first clock 18. Thus, the counting establishes the value DATAI which is thus restored. It is understood that the restitution of the value is all the easier as the two clocks are clocked at the same frequency.
    [0022] An alteration of the signal due to electromagnetic disturbance, or signal filtering is likely to slightly affect the duration of the high state. On the other hand, this alteration, on a few clock pulses, affects only very little the value DATA 1. The value of the data transmitted is all the less affected as the frequency of the clocking clocks 18, 28 is high in comparison with the modulation frequency of the signal, in this case F1 or F2. The demodulator can also determine the period of the signal 1 / F1 or 1 / F2, and therefore the frequency F1 and F2 by counting the number of pulses of the timing clock which corresponds to an alternation of a high state and of a low state is T1 + T2 or T3 + T4. This makes it possible to restore the second data DATA 2. The counting of the pulses can then be done between a rising edge and the next rising edge of the pulses. The DATAI and DATA2 data can be routed to an electronic card or a microprocessor of the second equipment 20. The electronic card, or the microprocessor, not shown in FIG. 1, is also capable of producing data. This is, for example, 3028695 16 third data or DATA3 information, which must be transmitted from the second equipment 20 to the first device 10. In the example shown, the data DATA3 is a binary value 1100 which corresponds to a serial signal as represented by FIG. 3. The signal of FIG. 3 has two high states, 5 corresponding to the value 1, indicated ordinate followed by two low states corresponding to the value 0. The third data DATA 3 is applied, by means of a synchronization unit 24, at the input of a second modulator 26. The second modulator 26 is part of the second equipment 20.
    [0023] The signal of FIG. 3, reflecting DATA 3, is applied more precisely to the gate or to the base of a transistor which forms a switch of the second modulator 26. It may be noted in FIG. 3 that the signal corresponding to the data DATA 3 is synchronized to the transmission signal. It is, for example, synchronized on a rising edge of the transmission signal, i.e. on a transition from a low state to a high state. The synchronization is performed by the synchronization unit 24 clocked by the first demodulator 22. Thus for a value 1, or a high state of the signal of FIG. 3, the transistor is in an open state and the transmission signal is not unaffected. On the other hand, for a value 0, the transistor becomes conductive and connects the transmission line 32 to the ground 35 via a load resistor 23. The load resistor 23, formed with the series resistor 13, evoked more high, a divider bridge that attenuates the signal present on the transmission line. The attenuated transmission signal is also on the input 21 of the first demodulator 22. However, the attenuation affects neither the width nor the duration of the high states T1 and T3. It does not further affect the width of low states T2, T4. Finally, the attenuation of the transmission signal does not affect its frequency F1, F2 or its period. The attenuation is thus transparent for the first demodulator 22.
    [0024] Depending on the state of the second modulator transistor, the transmission signal may have high states at full voltage, for example the supply voltage Vcc, and high states at an attenuated voltage. The attenuated voltage is, for example, a voltage equal to Vcc * R2 / (R1 + R2), where R1 and R2 are the values of the series resistor 13 and the load resistor 23, respectively. correspond to the reference voltage at 0 volts (ground) are not attenuated. On the other hand, if the voltage of the low states is not zero, they are also attenuated. Such a transmission signal is shown in FIG. 4 which indicates the amplitude of the high states on the ordinate and the time on the abscissa. It is observed that the signal of FIG. 4 is also modulated in pulse width and in frequency, in the same manner as the signal of FIG. 2 which is free of any amplitude modulation. The transmission line 32 is further connected to an input 51 of a second demodulator 52 of the first equipment 10. The second demodulator is in the form of a threshold comparator. The threshold comparator preferably has a threshold between the unmitigated value of the high states and the attenuated value of the high states of the transmission signal. Referring to the example above, the threshold can be set to an intermediate value between Vcc * R2 / (R1 + R2) and Vcc. The threshold of the comparator is fixed by resistors 53 and 54 which form a divider bridge between the supply voltage and the ground. It is equal to Vcc * R4 / (R3 + R4), where R3 and R4 are the values of the resistors 53 and 54. The demodulator thus delivers a value 1 when the transmission signal is greater than the threshold value which corresponds to at the high states not attenuated, and delivers a value 0 when the transmission signal is less than the threshold value, which corresponds to the attenuated high states, and possibly to the intermediate low states.
    [0025] Thus, the demodulator transforms the transmission signal into a signal comparable to that of FIG. 3, from which it is possible to extract the digital data DATA3. The signal corresponds, in the illustrated example, to two high states followed by two low states and indicates a value DATA 3 equal to 1100. This value is transmitted to an electronic card or to a microcontroller of the first device (not represented on the FIG. figure 1). It can be seen in the example described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4 that the frequency of the amplitude modulation of the transmission signal is equal to that of the transmission signal. This is due in particular to the synchronization mode. The amplitude modulation frequency may also be chosen lower than the frequencies of the transmission signal but still synchronized thereto. FIG. 5 shows another possible embodiment of a communication system according to the invention. The system of FIG. 5 has the same general operation as the system of FIG. 1. Corresponding components are identified with the same references and reference can be made to the foregoing description with regard to them. However, and unlike the system of FIG. 1, the second data DATA2 is not used to control the selection of a particular frequency for the transmission signal. On the other hand, the second data DATA 2 is applied to the second input 16 of the first modulator 12. The first data DATA 1 is always applied to the first input 14 of the modulator.
    [0026] The first modulator 12 uses one of the data, for example DATAI, to control the width, i.e. the duration of a high state of one pulse, and uses the other data DATA 2 to control the width, that is to say the duration of the low state of the pulse on the same period of the transmission signal.
    [0027] The first modulator 12 is clocked by a timing clock 18. Thus, the duration of the high state or the low state is a multiple of the timing period. For example, and as previously described, the duration of the high state can be T1 = DATA1 * CLK and the duration of the low state can be T2 = DATA2 * CLK 5, that is, the product of the data to be transmitted by the CLK value of the timing period. By way of illustration, considering that the values are DATA1 = 1000 and DATA2 = 250, and that the frequency of the clock is 1 MHz, that is to say with a period of 1 ps, the duration the high T1 state is 1000 ps, and the low state duration is 250 ps. FIG. 6 represents a modulated signal in pulse width produced by the first modulator of the system of FIG. 5. The amplitude of the pulse is indicated on the ordinate and the time is indicated on the abscissa. The signal has high states and low states whose durations are respectively multiples (DATA1, DATA2) of the timing period CLK. The pulses of the first clock, which set the timing period, are indicated in free scale and in the upper part of Figure 6. It should be noted that the amplitude of the signal, for example the amplitude of the high states, It is not constant in that it is capable of being modulated by the second modulator 26 of the second equipment, as described above. More precisely, the transmission signal of FIG. 6 is modulated as a function of data DATA 3 of binary value 1010 represented in FIG. 7. This value is different from DATA 3 represented in FIG. observe synchronization of the modulation as a function of the DATAS data on the rising edges of the transmission signal of FIG. 6. Synchronization on the falling edges would also be possible. Returning to FIG. 5, it may be noted that the first demodulator 22, which is part of the second equipment 20, delivers the DATAI and DATA2 data from the transmission signal received at its input 21. The data are determined by determining respectively the duration of the high states and the low states of the signal of FIG. 6. To do this, the demodulator can be configured to count the number of clocking pulses of the second clocking clock 28 respectively, which separate a rising edge and a falling edge of the transmission signal, or which separate a falling edge of a rising edge of the transmission signal.
    [0028] As previously indicated, the second clock 28 has a frequency in a known ratio with the frequency of the first clock 18. Preferably both clocks have the same frequency. Figure 8 schematically illustrates a particular application of the communication system to an electric pruner.
    [0029] The first equipment 10 is a portable electric pruner. It comprises a main electronic card 62 connected to a control interface 64, for example a trigger actuated by the user to control the opening and closing of blades 66. The opening and closing of the blades is generally effected by the pivoting a fixed blade relative to a movable blade. The movement of the blade is caused by a motor 68 connected to the movable blade by a not shown transmission. In the illustrated example the motor is a brushless three-phase motor. The electronic board 62 receives the signal from a trigger position sensor and establishes blade opening or closing control data, and if required, control data of an opening or closing speed. closing. The electronic card 62 can also establish control data of an opening or closing amplitude. This is, for example, data DATA 1 and DATA2 mentioned above. This data is supplied to a second electronic card 63 comprising the first modulator 12 and the second demodulator 52 previously described. It should be noted that only one main electronic card can be provided for all the functions of the cards 62, 63 above. The pruner 10 further comprises a warning interface 70, for example, one or more light-emitting diodes, capable of indicating a power-up, a mode of operation, a state of the batteries, a fault situation, etc. The warning interface 70 is driven by the main electronic board 62 according to data established by unshown sensors of the pruner, or according to data provided by the second demodulator 52, and received from the second equipment 20. This is, for example, data DATA 3 mentioned above. The second equipment 20 is a remote power unit pruner may be worn on the belt or back. It also includes a main electronic board 80. The main function of this board is to establish the power supply controls for the secateur motor 68. The main electronic board 80 of the power unit establishes these commands from the control data supplied to it by the first demodulator. This is, for example, the above-mentioned DATAI and DATA2 data which governs a direction, a speed or a duration of rotation of the motor 68. The main electronic board 80 also serves to supply the feed currents for the motor. motor 68 from the energy supplied by the main storage battery 82.
    [0030] The electronic card 80 can still receive commands from a second control interface 84, specific to the power unit. This is for example an interface for the control of a general power supply, for a control of change of operating mode of secateur. The electronic card 80 uses these commands to drive the motor, or converts them into data for the pruner. For example, the electronic card can establish a data controlling the ignition of a light emitting diode of the pruner indicative of the general power, or indicative of a larger opening set of blades. The electronic card 80 is for this purpose connected to the second modulator 26. The data transmitted to the pruner are, for example, the data DATA 3 mentioned above.
    [0031] The electronic card 80 can still drive a warning interface 86 also specific to the power supply unit 20. The interface 86 comprises, for example, a display, light-emitting diodes and / or a sound indicator. The warning interface, for example an audible indicator, can warn the user of the state of the controls, the state of the battery, the mode of operation, or any information useful for operation. An electronic card 88, separate from the main electronic card 80, can be provided for the first demodulator 22 and the second modulator 26. These functions can also be integrated into the main electronic card 80.
    [0032] Reference 89 indicates an accumulator or a secondary storage battery, which may or may not be separate from the main storage battery 82, and which is intended to power the electronic cards and the interfaces and various components of the pruner 10 and the battery. The power supply unit 20. A cable 90 connects the first equipment item 10, i.e. the pruner, and the second equipment item 20, i.e., the supply unit. The cable is preferably connected to the first and second equipment by connectors not shown. It is a multi-conductor cable, comprising several connecting wires. In the illustrated example, the cable 90 comprises a conductive wire forming the already mentioned signal transmission line 32. It further comprises three conductor wires 92 connecting the main electronic board 80 to the motor 68 so as to supply the motor with the supply currents of its three phases. Finally, the cable comprises two conductive wires which supply the supply voltage of the electronic card of the pruner, for example 5 volts. These are the son 34, 35, 25 mentioned with reference to Figure 1, which constitute the ground potential and the potential Vcc.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Bidirectional communication system between a first equipment (10) and a second equipment (20) connected to the first equipment via a single-conductor transmission line (32), comprising data transmission means (12,22) (DATAI, DATA2 ) from the first equipment to the second equipment by modulation of the pulse width of a transmission signal transmitted on the transmission line, and data transmission means (26, 52) of the second equipment to the first Io equipment by amplitude modulation of said transmission signal.
    [0002]
    2. System according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission means of the first equipment to the second equipment comprise a first modulator (12) adapted to generate the pulse width modulated transmission signal, as a function of at least a first digital datum (DATAI, DATA2), the first modulator being located in the first device (10), the transmission means further comprising a first demodulator (22) adapted to extract said digital data (DATAI, DATA2) from transmission signal, the demodulator (22) being located in the second equipment (20).
    [0003]
    3. System according to claim 2, wherein the first modulator (12) is able to code the first digital data (DATAI) by modulating the width of a high state (T1) of the transmission signal and to code a second one. digital data (DATA2) by modulating the width of a low state (T2) of the transmission signal. 3028695 24
    [0004]
    4. System according to claim 2, wherein the first modulator is able to encode a first digital data (DATAI) by modulating the width of one of a high state (T1) and a low state (T2) of the signal. transmission, and to encode a second digital data item (DATA2) by modulating a period, respectively a frequency, of the transmission signal.
    [0005]
    5. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data transmission means of the second equipment to the first equipment comprises a second modulator (26) adapted to change the amplitude of the transmission signal according to a third. digital data item (DATAS), said second modulator (26) being located in the second equipment (20), the transmission means further comprising a second demodulator (52) for extracting said third digital data (DATA3) from the transmission signal, the second demodulator (52) being located in the first equipment (10).
    [0006]
    6. System according to claim 5, wherein the second modulator (26) comprises a load resistor (23) of the transmission line in series with a control transistor, forming a switch, and driven according to the third digital data.
    [0007]
    7. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission signal has a frequency greater than or equal to an amplitude modulation frequency of the transmission signal, and preferably greater than 10 times the amplitude modulation frequency. 3028695 25
    [0008]
    A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims comprising a synchronization unit (24) for synchronizing the amplitude modulation of the transmission signal on the transmission signal. 5
    [0009]
    The system of any preceding claim wherein the first equipment is one of an electric motor tool (68) and a remote power unit associated with the tool, and the second equipment is the other among the power tool and the remote power unit associated with the tool. 10
    [0010]
    The system of claim 9, wherein the first equipment (10) is a portable electric motor tool selected from secateurs, shears, chainsaws, hedge trimmers, blowers and brush cutters, and wherein the second equipment (20) is a remote power supply unit connected to the tool by a multi-conductor cable (90), the cable comprising a conductor forming the transmission line (32).
    [0011]
    The system of claim 10, wherein the tool has a first control interface (64) connected to the first modulator (12) for transmitting control data to the power unit, and wherein the power supply unit comprises an electronic card (80) connected to the first demodulator (22) for receiving the control data, the electronic card being configured to control at least one power supply for the electric motor (68) according to the data The card is further connected to the motor (80) by the multi-conductor cable (90, 92) to provide the motor with the supply current.
    [0012]
    The system of claim 11, used to transmit at least one of data corresponding to an action on the first control interface (64) of the tool (10) and data corresponding to an action on a second control interface (84) of the power supply unit (20).
    [0013]
    The system of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the multi-conductor cable (90) further comprises two wires (34, 35) for powering at least one electronic board (68, 63) of the first equipment (10).
    [0014]
    The system of any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the multi-conductor cable (90) further comprises three conductive wires (92) for powering the motor.
    [0015]
    15. System according to claim 12, for the exchange of signals between a pruner and a pruner feed unit, wherein the first interface (64) is configured for the input of at least one of a command. of amplitude of movement of a blade (66) of the pruner and a direction control of movement of the blade, and wherein the second interface (84) is configured for the input of at least one of a command power-up and a switch of operating mode of secateur.
    [0016]
    16. A method of communication between a first equipment (10) and a second equipment (20) connected to the first equipment via a single conductor transmission line (32), in which data (DATAI, DATA2) of the first equipment is transmitted. (10) to the second equipment (20) by modulating the pulse width of a transmission signal transmitted on the transmission line, and transmitting data from the second equipment (20) to the first equipment ( 10) by an amplitude modulation of said transmission signal. 3028695 27
    [0017]
    The communication method according to claim 16, wherein data (DATA2) from the first equipment (10) is further transmitted to the second equipment (20) by modulating the frequency of the transmission signal.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016079397A1|2016-05-26|
    TR201903545T4|2019-03-21|
    BR112017007574A2|2018-01-30|
    JP2018501701A|2018-01-18|
    JP6796064B2|2020-12-02|
    ES2717537T3|2019-06-21|
    US20170244280A1|2017-08-24|
    EP3221946B1|2019-01-09|
    FR3028695B1|2017-12-22|
    CN107005085B|2020-04-03|
    PT3221946T|2019-04-24|
    CN107005085A|2017-08-01|
    PL3221946T3|2019-06-28|
    US10263464B2|2019-04-16|
    KR20170088383A|2017-08-01|
    EP3221946A1|2017-09-27|
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    法律状态:
    2015-11-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-05-20| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160520 |
    2016-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-11-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-11-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-08-06| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20210705 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1461184A|FR3028695B1|2014-11-19|2014-11-19|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BIDIRECTIONAL AND SIMULTANEOUS COMMUNICATION.|FR1461184A| FR3028695B1|2014-11-19|2014-11-19|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BIDIRECTIONAL AND SIMULTANEOUS COMMUNICATION.|
    ES15805572T| ES2717537T3|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and procedure of bidirectional and simultaneous communication|
    CN201580060753.4A| CN107005085B|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for two-way simultaneous communication|
    EP15805572.3A| EP3221946B1|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for bidirectional and simultaneous communication|
    TR2019/03545T| TR201903545T4|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|Bidirectional and simultaneous communication system and method|
    PCT/FR2015/052965| WO2016079397A1|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for communicating bidirectionally and simultaneously|
    US15/512,643| US10263464B2|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for communicating bidirectionally and simultaneously|
    JP2017527362A| JP6796064B2|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|Bidirectional and simultaneous communication systems and methods|
    PT15805572T| PT3221946T|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for communicating bidirectionally and simultaneously|
    KR1020177016814A| KR20170088383A|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for communicating bidirectionally and simultaneously|
    BR112017007574-1A| BR112017007574A2|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|two-way and simultaneous communication system and process|
    PL15805572T| PL3221946T3|2014-11-19|2015-11-03|System and method for bidirectional and simultaneous communication|
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